Nemanja Pažin

Physical Culture

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL AND SUMO VARIANTS OF DEADLIFTING: KINEMATIC, KINETIC AND ELECTROMIOGRAPHIC STUDY

Mihajlo Jovanović, Marko Kapeleti, Miloš Ubović, Nemanja Pažin, Duško Ilić, Vladimir Mrdaković

https://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/0350-3828/2021/0350-38282102133J.pdf

Deadlift is a measure of the overall strength of the whole body and it is one of the three exercises in the powerlifting competition. There are conventional and sumo variant of deadlift. The aim of this study was to determine the differences between the two lifting techniques from the aspect of kinematics, kinetics and electromyography. Nine physically active men, average age 29.1 ± 3.3 years, body height 181.0 ± 1.0 cm, body weight 82.3 ± 13.3 kg and body mass index 25.0 ± 3.8 kg/m2 were recruited for this study. Each subject lifted weight close to his own body weight with three repetitions, in three series, for each of the techniques. The speed of one lift was 3 seconds for each of the phases (concentric and eccentric). The angles and amplitudes for the following figurative points were monitored: trunk in relation to the horizontal plane (angle), center of the hip joint and center of the knee joint in the “liftoff” (LO) and “knee passing” (KP), i.e. in the liftoff-knee passing (LO-KP), knee passing-lift completion (KP-LC) and liftoff-lift completion (LOLC) phase. The mechanical work was monitored as one of the kinetic variables. Electromyographic activity was monitored for: m. vastus medialis, m. vastus lateralis, m. rectus femoris, m. gluteus maximus, m. erector spinae (L3-L4), m. semimembranosus and m. biceps femoris caput longum. The monitored electromyographic variable was the average normalized amount of muscle activation in relation to maximal voluntary contraction, for all 18 individual deadlift repetitions. One-way repeated measures ANOVA (activation and work) and two-way repeated measures ANOVA (angles and amplitudes) were used. Significant differences were found between techniques in the initial angular positions in all monitored joints (p<0.05), except for the angle in the knee joint where a trend was observed (p=0.0996), as well as in the transit position for trunk angle relative to the horizontal plane and angle at the hip joint (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in hip joint amplitudes during KP-LC phase (p<0.05) and total amplitude (p<0.05), as well as in the knee joint during LO-KP phase (p<0.05) and total amplitude as a trend (p=0.0996). Mechanical work was significantly higher with the conventional deadlift technique (DLcon) (p<0.05). Activation of medial and lateral heads of m. quadriceps femoris was significantly higher with sumo deadlift technique (DLsu) (p<0.05). Activation of postural muscle groups was higher with DLcon, but not significantly (p>0.05).

MUSCLE ACTIVATION / MECHANICAL WORK / JOINT ANGLES / STRENGTH TRAINING

M24

Physical Culture

THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT VERTICAL JUMP HEIGHT ON ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC, KINEMATIC AND KINETIC VARIABLES

Vladimir Mrdaković, Nemanja Pažin, Radun Vulović, Miloš Ubović, Mihajlo Jovanović, Marko Kapeleti, Agron Vujić, Duško Ilić

https://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/0350-3828/2022/0350-38282201027M.pdf

Countermovement jump (CMJ) is an element of many sports techniques and has an important role in overall performance, both at maximal and submaximal intensity. This paper investigates changes in biomechanical and neuromuscular variables responsible for controlling different submaximal intensities of CMJ. Eight healthy, uninjured volleyball players from the first league of the Republic of Serbia participated (age 21.9 ± 1.9 years; height 191.6 ± 9.2 cm; weight 83.1 ± 7.1 kg). Subjects performed CMJ at three different jump heights (approximately 65%, 80%, and 95% of maximal). EMG root mean square was analyzed for amortization and jump phases for: gluteus maximus, rectus femoris, biceps femoris, vastus lateralis, tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius medialis. Kinematic and kinetic variables included center of mass displacement, take-off height, jump height and speed, angular displacement (ankle, knee, hip), maximal vertical ground reaction force, vertical stiffness, and joint torques. Jump height change had no significant effect on activation for most muscles (p≥0.05), except a tendency for gastrocnemius medialis (p=0.066). During jump phase, activation of VL, BF, GlutM and TA increased compared to amortization (p≤0.05). Hip torque increased with jump height (p=0.028). During amortization, center of mass displacement increased (65<80<95%) and stiffness decreased, with differences between 80% and 95% (p=0.012). Knee and hip angular displacements increased with jump height (p≤0.05), while ankle showed no changes (p≥0.05). The results indicate that increased jump height is related to a longer amortization phase due to greater knee/hip angular displacement and increased hip torque.

MUSCLE ACTIVATION / VERTICAL STIFFNESS / TORQUE

M24

Kinesiology

Analysis of training load and performance in designing smart bodyweight power training: Effects of set structure in vertical jumping sessions

Radenko S. Arsenijević, Predrag R. Božić, Milan S. Matić, Bobana B. Berjan Bačvarević, Saša T. Jakovljević, Nemanja R. Pažin

https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/445355

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of set structures in designing bodyweight power training (BWPT). Specifically, we compared the effects of the cluster set structure undulating variant (CSSUV) and the traditional set structure (TSS) on training load and performance during vertical jumping sessions. Sixteen active males participated. Four training sessions consisted of 144 countermovement jumps distributed into 12 sets; repetitions varied in CSSUV, while fixed in TSS. Both set structures included short (60 s) and long (120 s) rest, and volume was analyzed for first six sets (small volume) and last six sets (large volume). External load, internal load and performance variables were calculated. Results suggest CSSUV enables superior utilization of external load, reduced internal load and higher performances maintained across the session compared to TSS (p<.05). These findings support CSSUV as a suitable approach for designing BWPT.

Set configuration; cluster set structure; traditional set structure; training volume; rest duration

M22

XXIV Scientific Conference „FIS Communications 2023" in physical education, sport and recreation

The relationship between internal and external load in vertical jump sessions: The impact of traditional and cluster set structures

Radenko Arsenijevic, Filip Kojic, Predrag Bozic, Milan Matic, Bobana Berjan Bacvarevic, Sasa Jakovljevic, Nemanja Pazin

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/381260437_THE_RELATIONSHIP_BETWEEN_INTERNAL_AND_EXTERNAL_LOAD_IN_VERTICAL_JUMP_SESSIONS_THE_IMPACT_OF_TRADITIONAL_AND_CLUSTER_SET_STRUCTURES

Introduction: In the realm of athletic training and performance optimization, comprehending the intricate interplay between internal and external training loads is of paramount importance. This study investigates the association between internal and external load measures in vertical jump sessions, employing two set structure methods: traditional and cluster. Methods: The study involved 11 physically active participants. Sessions comprised 144 jumps divided into 12 sets, with 12 jumps per set for the traditional structure and varying for the cluster structure (6 to 18). External load variables (number of jumps, total vertical distance, average jump height relative to maximum) and internal load assessments (RPE for legs and breath, and heart rate) were used. Results: Subjective internal load variables showed very high association with external load variables for both structures (r=0.90–0.99). Objective internal load variable generally showed weaker relationships, from low (r=0.26–0.31) for cluster to moderate/high (r=0.68–0.83) for traditional. Discussion & Conclusion: Results highlight the relationship between internal and external load during vertical jump sessions, with subjective measures showing exceptionally high associations. Set structure influences the correlation, emphasizing the need to consider set design when optimizing training strategies.

Set configuration, undulating variant, training volume, monitoring training load

M34

11th International Scientific Conference “Anthropological and Teo-Anthropological View on Physical Activity”

The relationship between internal, external load and performance in bodyweight power training: The role of set structures

Arsenijevic R, Kojic F, Bozic P, Matic M, Berjan Bacvarevic B, Jakovljevic S, Stankovic V, Pazin N

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/388022644_The_relationship_between_internal_external_load_and_performance_in_bodyweight_power_training_The_role_of_set_structures

Introduction: Understanding the interplay between internal and external training loads is important for athletic training. This study investigates the association between internal and external load measures in vertical jump sessions using traditional and cluster set structures. Methods: 11 physically active participants completed sessions with 144 jumps in 12 sets. External load variables (number of jumps, total vertical distance, average jump height relative to maximum) and internal load assessments (RPE for legs and breath; heart rate) were used. Results: Subjective internal load variables showed very high associations with external load variables (r=0.90–0.99). Objective internal load generally showed weaker relationships. Discussion & Conclusion: Set structure influences correlations between internal and external load, suggesting coaches should consider set design when programming training sessions.

Set configuration, undulating variant, training volume, monitoring training load

M33

19th FIEPS European Congress

The role of set structure in preserving performance outcomes during vertical jumping sessions

Radenko Arsenijevic, Predrag Božić, Milan Matić, Bobana Berjan Bacvarević, Veroljub Stanković, Saša Jakovljević, Nemanja Pažin

https://fieps2025.org/AbstractBook.php

Different set structures can influence jump height and mechanical power performance. While a traditional set structure (TSS) leads to declines in jump height and power, the undulating set structure (USS) helps mitigate this decline during training. This study aimed to investigate the effects of USS on maximal and mean power production, as well as maximal jump height maintenance compared to TSS during vertical jumping sessions. Twelve physically active male participants with jumping training experience completed two separate sessions (TSS and USS), each consisting of 144 jumps in 12 sets. In TSS, each set had 12 jumps; in USS, jumps per set varied between 6 and 18. TSS included 120 s inter-set rest, while USS incorporated 60 s inter-set rest and two intra-set rests of 30 s, totaling 120 s. Percentage decrease in maximal power (%Pmax), mean power (%Pmean), and maximal height (%Hmax) was calculated for first six sets (small volume) and last six sets (large volume). Two-way repeated measures ANOVA found significant differences in %Pmax (p=0.016) favoring USS. %Pmean was higher in small vs large volume (p=0.026). %Hmax differed between set structures (USS>TSS, p=0.045) and volume (small>large, p=0.045). These findings highlight the importance of set structure in preserving power and jump height.

Cluster set structure, set configuration, training volume, power training

M34